Terminalia albida (Combretaceae), widely used in Guinean traditional medicine, showed promising activity against Plasmodium falciparum and Candida albicans in previous studies. Bioassay-guided fractionation was carried out in order to isolate the compounds responsible for these activities.
Fractionation and isolation were performed by flash chromatography, followed by semi-preparative HPLC-DAD-MS. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was carried out by 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS. Isolated compounds were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and their cytotoxicity against MRC-5cells was determined.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of Terminalia albida root resulted in the isolation of 14 compounds (1-14), and their antimicrobial properties were evaluated. Pantolactone (1) (IC0.60±0.03μM) demonstrated significant activity against P. falciparum. Other compounds, including 3,4,3'-tri-O-methyl-ellagic acid (3), the triterpenes arjunolic acid (5), arjungenin (6), arjunic acid (7) and arjunglucoside II (10), and the phenol glycoside calophymembranside-B (14), were less active and showed ICvalues in the range 5-15μM. None of the tested compound showed antibacterial or antifungal activity.
These results may explain at least in part the activity of the root extract of T. albida against P. falciparum.
These results may explain at least in part the activity of the root extract of T. albida against P. falciparum.The root of Dendropanax dentiger (Harms) Merr. is a pivotal folk Chinese medicine against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with no scientific validation.
This study was conducted to explore the anti-RA effect of the D. dentiger extract on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats and identified its major bio-constituents.
Dendropanax dentiger roots extracts (127.5, 255.0 and 510.0mg/kg, once daily) were orally at day 7 post-administration adjuvant and lasting for 22 days. The therapeutic effects of D. dentiger roots extract on AIA rats were investigated by body weight growth, arthritis score, thymus and spleen indices, and histopathological analysis. Moreover, the levels of rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were also evaluated. Finally, the major constituents were isolated and identified from D. dentiger rol derivatives via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers, and supports the traditional folk use of D. dentiger in China.Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. Jansen (Asteraceae), known as jambú in Brazil, is used in traditional medicine as analgesic and for inflammatory conditions, characterized by the presence of N-alkylamides, mainly spilanthol. This bioactive compound is responsible for the above-described pharmacological properties, including sialagogue and anesthetic.
This study aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory effects of A. oleracea leaves (AOEE-L) and flowers (AOEE-F) extracts, including an isolated alkylamide (spilanthol), using in vitro and in vivo models. The mechanism underlying this effect was also investigated.
Extracts were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in order to characterize the N-alkylamides content. AOEE-L, AOEE-F (25-100μg/mL) and spilanthol (50-200μM) were tested in vitro on VSMC after stimulation with hyperglycemic medium (25mM glucose). Their effects over nitric oxide (NO) generation, chymase inhibition and expression, catalase (CAT), superoxide anion (SOD) radical activity were evaluated. After an aeffects appear to be associated with the inhibition of chymase activity, suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine NO and antioxidant activities.
Taken together, these results provide evidence for the anti-inflammatory activity of leaves and flowers extracts of jambú associated distinctly with their chemical profile. The effects appear to be associated with the inhibition of chymase activity, suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine NO and antioxidant activities.Duoxuekang (DXK, ??????????????????) is a clinical experience prescription of CuoRu-Cailang, a famous Tibetan medicine master, which has effective advantages in the treatment of hypobaric hypoxia (HH)-induced brain injury. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of DXK on cerebrovascular function of HH-induced brain injury in mice.
DSC-MR imaging was used to evaluate the effect of DXK on the brain blood perfusion of patients with hypoxic brain injury. HPLC analysis was used to detect the content of salidroside, gallic acid, tyrosol, corilagin, ellagic acid, isorhamnetin, quercetin and gingerol in DXK. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Fluvastatin-Sodium(Lescol).html The model of HH-induced brain injury in mice was established by an animal hypobaric and hypoxic chamber. The BABL/c mice were randomly divided into six groups control group, model group, Hongjingtian oral liquid group (HOL, 3.3ml/kg) and DXK groups (0.9, 1.8 and 3.6g/kg). All mice (except the control group) were intragastrically administrral blood vessels.
In conclusion, this study proved that DXK can ameliorate HH-induced brain injury by improving brain blood perfusion, increasing the number of collagen and elastic fibers and inhibiting oxidative stress injury. The underlying mechanisms may be involved in maintaining the integrity of cerebrovascular endothelial cells and vascular function. However, further in vivo and in vitro investigations are still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of DXK on regulating cerebral blood vessels.Salvia officinalis L. (sage), and Chamaemelum nobile (L.) (chamomile) have been used traditionally to treat various inflammatory conditions.
Our study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of both plant extracts in IL-1β-stimulated neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH) and human subcutaneous mature adipocytes, as well as their potential protective effects against mature adipocytes conditioned media (ACM)-induced neuro-inflammation.
Human subcutaneous mature adipocytes and neuroblastoma cells were treated with 5μg/ml (low dose LD) and 50μg/ml (high dose HD) of each extract, with or without 0.5ng/ml of human recombinant IL-1β. To understand the cross talk between fat tissue and neuronal cells, SK-N-SH cell line was incubated with ACM 10%, in presence or absence of both extracts LD and HD. Following 4, and 24h incubation, the released MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and SAA levels were measured using MSD Cytokines and Chemokines assay kits, and the cells were used for gene expression. RNA was quantified using Qubit™ RNA HS Assay.